SPECIFICATION SECTION - (6A) (Ti, Zr, Ta, Nb)

Titanium Grades Comparison
METAL TITANIUM GRADE 2 TITANIUM GRADE 7 TITANIUM GRADE 12
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%) (Max.values unless range is shown) 0.10 C; 0.30 Fe; 0.03 N; 0.25 O; 0.015 H (Sheet); 0.0125 H (Bar); 0.0100H (billet) 0.10 C; 0.30 Fe; 0.03 N; 0.25 O; 0.015 H (Sheet); 0.125 H (Bar) 0.08 C; 0.3 N; 0.30 Fe; 0.25 O; 0.20/0.40 Mo; 0.6/0.9 Ni
Mill Annealed Tensile Properties
Ultimate strength (Psi) 50,000 50,000 70,000
Yield strength (Psi) 40,000 40,000 50,000
% Elongation in 2”sheet±0.025 thick 20 20 18
Mechanical Properties (Typical)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (ft.-lbs) @Rm. Temp 25-40 – –
Bend Radius Under 0.070” thick 2.0x Thickness
2.5x Thickness		 2.0x Thickness
2.5x Thickness		 2.0x Thickness
2.5x Thickness
Welded Bend Radius 2.0-3.0x Thickness 2.0-3.0x Thickness 2.0-3.0x Thickness
Hardness R880 R880 R880
Physical Properties
Beta Transus (°F ± 25) 1675 1675 1634
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (10-6in./in./°F)
32-212
32-1500		 4.8
5.6		 4.8
5.6		 4.8
5.6
Density (lbs./cu.in.) 0.163 0.163 0.163
Melting point Approx (°F) 3020 3020 3020
Electrical Resistivity @ R.T 10-6Ωcm 56 56 52
Modulus of Elasticity Tension (106 psi) 14.9 14.9 15.0
Modulus of Elasticity Torsion (106 psi) 6.5 6.5 6.2
Thermal Conductivity (Btu/hr./Sq.ft/°F/Ft.) 9.5 @ Rm.Temp. 9.5 @ Rm.Temp. 11 @ Rm.Temp.
Specific Heat (Btu/Lb./°F /Ft.) 0.124 0.124 0.13
Weldability Good Good Good
Annealing Full 1300/300 Min-2Hrs; Air cool 1300/300 Min-2Hrs; Air cool 1300/300 Min-2Hrs; Air cool
Temp. (°F) Stress Relief 1000-1100/30 Min; Air cool 1000-1100/30 Min; Air cool 1000-1100/30 Min; Air cool
Typical Applications For corrosion resistance in the chemical, petrochemical and marine industries, especially in oxidizing environments. For corrosion resistance where media are oxidizing to mildly reducing; Palladium-stabilized, superior crevice corrosion resistance. For corrosion resistance where media are oxidizing to mildly reducing and where high strength is required.
TITANIUM GRADE 16, ZIRCONIUM, TANTALUM, NIOBIUM Grades Comparison
METAL TITANIUM GRADE 16 ZIRCONIUM TANTALUM NIOBIUM
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (Percent) (Max.values unless range is shown) O: 0.08; C: 0.03; N: 0.25; H: 0.015; Fe: 0.04-0.08; Pd: 0.15; H(Billet) 4.3 Hf; 0.05 N: 0.025; Balance Zr O: 0.015; C: 0.01; N: 0.01; H: 0.0015; Fe: 0.01; W: 0.01 max; Ta: For F % W alloy: 0.05 Nb; 2.5-3.5 W O: 0.01; C: 0.01; N: 0.002; H: 0.002; Fe: 0.002; Hf: 0.02; W: 0.002; Zr: 0.01; Mo: 0.01; Si: 0.002; Ti: 0.002; Al: 0.002; Sn: 0.002; Balance Nb
Mill Annealed Tensile Properties
Ultimate strength (Psi) 50,000 55,000 41,000 25,000
Yield strength (Psi) 0.2% Offset 40,000 30,000 25,000 12,000
% Elongation in 2"sheet > 0.025 thick 20 16 18 20
Mechanical Properties (Typical)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (ft.-lbs) @Rm. Temp 30-60
Bend Radius
Under 0.070" thk.
Over 0.070" thk		 2.0× Thickness
2.5× Thickness		 5.0× Thickness
5.0× Thickness		 Ductile
2.0× Thickness		 Ductile
2.0× Thickness
Welded Bend Radius 2.5–3.0× Thickness 5.0× Thickness
Hardness RB 80 RB 80 RB 25–65 RB 10–50
Physical Properties
Beta Transus (°F ± 25) 1675 1591 N/A N/A
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (10⁻⁶ in./in./°F)
32–212
32–1500		 4.8
5.6		 5.89
7.5		 6.5
4.1		 7.1
4.29
Density (lbs./cu.in.) 0.163 0.235 0.601 0.310
Melting point Approx (°F) 3020 3365 5432 2468
Electrical Resistivity @ R.T (10⁻⁶Ω/cm) 52 56 39.7 13.5–14.5
Modulus of Elasticity Tension (10⁶ psi) 14.9 14.4 27 15
Modulus of Elasticity Torsion (10⁶ psi) 6.5
Thermal Conductivity (BTU/hr./Sq.ft./°F/ft.) 12.5 @ Rm. Temp. 10.0 @ Rm. Temp. 32.0 @ 32°F 32.0 @ Rm. Temp.
Specific Heat (BTU/lb./°F) 0.124 0.088 0.034 0.084 @ 32 °F
Weldability Good Good Good Good
Annealing Full Temp. (°F) 1300/30 Min-2Hrs; Air cool 1250-1300/2Hrs; Air cool 2300 1475-2015
Stress Relieving Temp. (°F) 1100-1300/30 Min; Air cool 1000-1100/2Hrs 2300 2000
Typical Applications For corrosion resistance where media are oxidizing to mildly reducing; Same basic corrosion resistance as Gr. 7 but with lower Palladium content for a more economical product. For corrosion resistance where media are strongly reducing to medium oxidizing. Best corrosion resistance of all metals; Good for strong oxidizing to strong reducing environment Very good corrosion resistance, especially to nitric acid service.
NICKEL 200, NICKEL 201, HASTELLOY ‘B2’ Grades Comparison
METAL NICKEL 200 NICKEL 201 HASTELLOY ‘B2’
Chemical Composition (Percent) (Max.values unless range is shown) 0.15 C; 0.40 Fe; 0.35 Si; 0.35 Mn; 0.010S; 0.25 Cu; Bal Ni 0.02C; 0.40Fe; 0.35 Si; 0.35 Mn; 0.01 S; 0.25 Cu; Bal Ni 0.02C; 2.0Fe; 0.15Si; 30.0 Mo; 1.0Cr; 1.0Co; 1.0Mn; 0.03S; 0.04P; Bal Ni
Mill Annealed Tensile Properties
Tensile strength (1000KN/M²) 379.2 344.7 896.3
Yield strength (1000N/M²) 0.2% Offset 103.4 82.7 400
% Elongation in 2" sheet > 0.025 thick 40 40 55
Mechanical Properties
Hardness Rockwell B 70 62 98
Physical Properties
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (10⁻⁶ K 20°C – 300°C) 14.3 14.5 11.1
Density (g/cm³) 8.9 8.9 9.2
Electrical Resistivity (10⁻⁶ Ωcm) 8.5 9.5 137
Modulus of Elasticity (KN/mm²) 207 208 217
Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) 79 79 11.4
Specific Heat (J/KgK) 456 456 377
Weldability Good Good Good
Typical Applications Caustic soda Production (Membrane cell cathodes, Evaporation Plants) Vinyl-Chloride monomers (VCM) Production, Organic Chlorinations, Food Processing, Production of Soap & Detergents Caustic soda Production (Membrane cell cathodes, Evaporation Plants) Vinyl-Chloride monomers (VCM) Production, Organic Chlorinations, Food Processing, Production of Soap & Detergents Chemical Process industry particularly using reducing chloride catalysts such as AlCl₃ or Where HCl is Byproduct; Styrene, bisphenol A, Chloroprene, MDI Acetic production
HASTELLOY 'C276', INCONEL 825, MONEL 400 Grades Comparison
METAL HASTELLOY 'C276' INCONEL 825 MONEL 400
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (Percent) (Max.values unless range is shown) 0.02C; 7.0Fe; 0.05Si; 4.5W; 17.0Mo; 16.5Cr; 2.5Co; 1.0Mn; 0.35V; 0.030S; 0.030P; Bal Ni 0.05C; 0.55i; 46.0Ni; 3.5Mo; 0.24Al; 23.5Cr; 1.0Mn; 1.2Ti; 0.03S; 3.0Cu; Bal Ni 0.3C; 2.5Fe; 0.55i; 70.0Ni; 2.0Mn; 0.024S; Bal Cu
Mill Annealed Tensile Properties
Tensile strength (1000KN/M2) 792.9 583-720 585
Yield strength (1000N/M2) 0.2% Offset 413.7 247-446 195
% Elongation in 2" sheet > 0.025 thick 50 50-30 32
Mechanical Properties
Hardness Rockwell B 80 80 75
Physical Properties
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (10⁻⁶ K 20ºC - 300 ºC) 12.8 15.2 15.8
Density (g/cm3) 8.9 8.1 8.8
Electrical Resistivity (10-6Ω/cm) 125 112 51.3
Modulus of Elasticity (KN/mm2) 208 195 182
Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) 10.6 10.8 26
Specific Heat (J/KgK) 407 440 430
Weldability Good Good Good
Typical Applications Critical chemical and petrochemical processes, Pulp and Paper Industry, Scrubbers and other components in fluegas desulfurization and waste incineration plants. DownHole equipment in sour gas production, Sulfuric acid Coolers and Chlorine Dryers. Phosphoric and sulfuric acid evaporators, Pickling plants, Nuclear waste reprocessing, Heat Exchangers and product lines in offshore oil and gas production (Sour Gas), caustic soda concentrators and ore Processing Salt Production, Atmospheric crude distillation, Hf alkylation, High-pressure feed water heaters in fossil-fired power stations, Sea water distillation, Sheathing of off-shore platform columns and risers in splash zone and Nuclear fuel processing

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